Thanks to successes of solid-state technologies there is a continuous improvement of the architecture of computer accessories. As the result, each new released product is more perfect than the previous: potential possibilities increase, productivity grows. These tendencies are easy for observing on the basis of evolution of central processor units. Their clock rate has increased for ten years in some tens times. In the adequate image has increased also high-speed performance of the given hi-tech products.

Constant perfection of accessories allows to expand functionality of released computers, whose productivity permanently increases. It allows to develop more perfect programs and to master new usages of computer equipment. All it are powerful stimulus not only for the industry, but also for potential users.

However there is also a problem of already existing products. Moreover, thanks to extremely fast perfection of the architecture of units and sites of computers there is a fast obsolescence of finite systems. It is possible to assert, that the given irreversible process is started practically right after acquisitions of new engineering. Therefore there is nothing surprising that users aspire to prolong the period of expedient maintenance of a computer technology.

One of possible solutions is dispersal as the given possibilities are put already in pawn in the architecture of accessories. It is necessary to remind, that one of the major computer accessories are motherboards.

Now in the computer market various products of the big number of manufacturers of this type of accessories are presented. Their number already makes some tens. Products of these corporations differ the price, in parametres, a complete set, operation features. Considering the limitations superimposed by high-frequency units, created on modern high technologies, motherboards are fulfilled according to referens-design.

For the cards oriented to processors with NetBurst architecture, the implementator of referens-design of motherboards Intel corporation is. As is known, this corporation is the implementator and the largest manufacturer of the given processors, together with chip sets. All it has in aggregate made motherboards from Intel corporation the original sample. And cards are known as the permanent measurement standard of dependability and stability.

Except high dependability and stability, motherboards from Intel are characterised by the big set of perspective processing techniques. As an example it is possible to result, for example, Intel Rapid BIOS boot, providing fast loading.

But among the realised processing techniques until recently in the architecture of motherboards from Intel was unpromising to search for possibilities of dispersal. The official position of implementators of motherboards of this corporation to dispersal is quite clear. The matter is that the forced modes (dispersal) reduce dependability and stability of operation of sites and computer units. The resource of their maintenance besides, decreases. All it, according to engineers of Intel, is inadmissible and reduces a degree of belief to the cards which are taken up a position in the market as the measurement standard of stability and dependability.

However times vary. Possibility of installation and usage of the forced modes of maintenance of units and computer sites became the important attribute in competitive struggle of manufacturers of motherboards. This circumstance does not remain without attention of experts of the corporation of Intel as both processors, and chip sets of this corporation have the considerable technological store accepting their maintenance in forced modes.

As a result of the led researches by experts of the corporation of Intel the motherboards providing for enthusiasts and experts possibility of speeding up of computer accessories have been developed and released. As an example of such cards it is possible to result models of Intel D845PEBT2 and Intel D875PBZ.

The motherboard of Intel D845PEBT2 is the difficult, modern product created with usage of current technologies. It is oriented to the market of high-powered desktop computers.

Basis of the given card is Intel chip set 845PE, presented by specialised chips of system logic of Intel 82845PE (MCH), Intel 82801DB (ICH4), and also 4 Mbit Firmware Hub (FWH). Usage of these chips provides not only productivity high level, but implementation of the big number of controllers of peripheral devices. From features of the architecture of the motherboard of Intel D845PEBT2 it is necessary to mark presence of the specialised controller of the sound fulfilled on the basis of a popular chip set and codec AC ' 97 Analog Devices AD1980. It provides possibility of hooking up of audiosystems of a pattern 5.1. As a part of the given motherboard controller SATA RAID is used. This controller provides possibility of creation RAID of levels 0 and 1 with SATA150 protocol support. Except the specified possibilities, it is necessary to mark presence of network tools. Their basis is the controller with support 10BaseT/100BaseTX.

The motherboard of Intel D875PBZ is oriented to development of powerful workstations and high-powered desktop personal computers.

Basis of the given card is Intel chip set 875P, presented by specialised chips of system logic of Intel 82875P (MCH), Intel 82801EB (ICH5R) and Intel 82802AC (FWH). Usage of the given chips allows to realise all advantages of the architecture of processors of Intel of Pentium 4 with processing technique Hyper-Threading. High efficiency of the motherboard of Intel D875PBZ is reached thanks to support of the processor bus with a transmission frequency of the given 800 MHz and units of a two-channel subsystem of memory DDR400. Thus the functional mode of memory modules DDR SDRAM can be one-channel (3,2 Gbytes/c) or two-channel (6,4 Gbytes/c). The two-channel mode allows to receive completely depthbalanced system in the event that pass-bands of the processor bus and the memory bus coincide and make equal values — 6,4 Gbytes/with. Operation of memory modules DDR SDRAM can be either synchronous, or asynchronous.

In case of a synchronous mode for frequency of the bus of 800 MHz and memory modules DDR400 usage of the mode providing raised productivity of a subsystem of memory is possible. This firm processing technique carries the name “Processing technique of Intel PAT” (Performance Acceleration Technology). The idea laying in its basis, consists in an expedition of passing of data through MCH at the expense of refusal superfluous in this case synchronisations. Thus will not be involved superfluous sinhronizatsionnye bufery in a chip set, and data are handled directly. By estimations of experts of Intel, the reached scoring makes 2-5 %.

As a part of the motherboard delivered to partners of corporation of Intel, there is a built in 6-channel audiosubsystem with codec Flex ADI 1985 (Analog Devices AD1980). Besides, Intel card 875P supports interface Serial ATA 150 and processing technique of Intel RAID 0.

Except the enumerated features of the motherboard of Intel D875PBZ, it is necessary to mark presence of the network controller Gigabit Ethernet realised on a chip of Intel 82547EI (Kenai II CSA — Gigabit Ethernet). This controller is hooked up by means of the interface of Intel Communication Streaming Architecture to hub MCH. The given integrated network tools allow to include easily the computer through built in RJ-45 plug in structure of a high-speed local area network.

In the architecture of motherboards of Intel D845PEBT2 and Intels D875PBZ by means of specialised chips (LPC47M172-NR) are realised possibilities of the hardware monitoring providing the control over supply voltages and operation of fans. By the way, in the given card autocontrol of the fan which is responsible for temperature in a system unit is realised.

Both cards as it was already marked, support the forced modes. However, the band of change of clock rate of the bus of the processor is limited by values:-2 % of,-1 %, +1 %, +2 %, +3 %, +4 % from a rated frequency. At a possibility of handle of computer power the narrow band of change of clock rate guarantees saving of stability of system operation and high level of dependability of maintenance of accessories.

The modes of dispersal banked under the name processing technique Burn-In Mode, it is taken up a position only for the experts, experimenting different modes of maintenance of the given product, including central processor unit dispersal.

Efficiency of processing technique Burn-In Mode providing rise of productivity of computers and realised on motherboards of Intel D845PEBT2 and Intel D875PBZ, the results of testing presented more low show.

Estimating operation parametres of the described motherboard, it is necessary to mark, that at performance of numerous, durable tests of the card of Intel D845PEBT2 and Intels D875PBZ worked steadily as it usually and is characteristic for products of this manufacturer. Results of performance of tests CPUmark 99, 3DMark 2001 SE Pro in the systems created on the basis of motherboards of Intel D845PEBT2 and Intel D875PBZ are more low resulted.

In testing following components used:

• The motherboard of Intel D845PEBT2 (i845PE),
• The motherboard of Intel D875PBZ (i875P),
• The processor of Intel of Pentium 4 (Socket 478, 512 Kbytes of cache memory L2, 133 MHz FSB of type QPB with clock rate of 3,06 GHz),
• The processor of Intel of Pentium 4 (Socket 478, 512 Kbytes of cache memory L2, 200 MHz FSB of type QPB with clock rate of 3,0 GHz),
• Abit Siluro GeForce4 Ti4200 OTES videoadapter (64 Mb DDR SDRAM, CPU Core — 257 MHz, memory — 550 MHz),
• Dynamic storage Hynix PC3200 (DDR400) 1 Gbyte (2х512 Mb),
• IBM hard disk 180GXP 120 Gbytes (2 Mb of the cache memory, 7200 rpm),
• OS OF WINDOWS XP Professional.

Results of testing of Intel D845PEBT2 (i845PE)

3 GHz

3,2 GHz

CPUmark 99

190

197

3Dmark 2001 SE Pro

11032

12454

Results of testing of Intel D875PBZ (i875P)

To pass to razrelu processors